Quick Summary
The 'kernel_task' process is a vital part of macOS that manages fundamental system operations. When 'kernel_task' consumes a high percentage of CPU, it indicates that the system is working hard to manage hardware or software issues, potentially slowing down other applications.
Common Causes
- Overheating: The most common reason for high 'kernel_task' CPU usage is your Mac trying to cool itself down. When internal components get too hot, 'kernel_task' rises in CPU usage to throttle the processor and prevent damage.
- Faulty Hardware: A hardware issue, like a failing sensor or a damaged component, can cause 'kernel_task' to work harder as it tries to compensate or manage the problem. This is frequently linked to thermal sensors.
- Conflicting Software: Incompatible or poorly written software can interfere with system processes, leading to 'kernel_task' using more CPU than necessary. This includes outdated drivers or corrupted system extensions.
- Peripheral Issues: External devices connected to your Mac, such as printers, external drives, or other USB devices, can sometimes cause conflicts or driver issues leading to high 'kernel_task' CPU usage if they are faulty or their drivers are outdated.
- Outdated macOS: An outdated macOS version can contain bugs or inefficiencies that lead to increased 'kernel_task' usage. Updating to the latest macOS version often resolves these issues.
Step-by-Step Fixes
Method 1: Check Activity Monitor
Step 1: Open Activity Monitor (found in /Applications/Utilities/).
Step 2: Click the CPU tab to sort processes by CPU usage.
Step 3: Look for other processes consuming high CPU alongside 'kernel_task'. If you identify other problematic processes, quit them if possible or research them further.
Method 2: Reset SMC (System Management Controller)
The SMC manages hardware functions like thermal management. Resetting it can resolve overheating issues.
For Laptops:
Step 1: Shut down your Mac.
Step 2: Press and hold Shift + Control + Option on the left side of the keyboard and the power button simultaneously for 10 seconds.
Step 3: Release all keys and the power button, then turn on your Mac.
For Desktops:
Step 1: Shut down your Mac.
Step 2: Disconnect the power cord.
Step 3: Wait 15 seconds.
Step 4: Reconnect the power cord and turn on your Mac.
Method 3: Check for macOS Updates
Step 1: Go to the Apple menu and select System Preferences.
Step 2: Click Software Update.
Step 3: Install any available updates.
Method 4: Disconnect Peripherals
Step 1: Disconnect all external devices (printers, external drives, etc.) one by one.
Step 2: Restart your Mac after disconnecting each device.
Step 3: Monitor CPU usage after each removal to identify if a specific device is the culprit.
Method 5: Check for Malware
Step 1: Use a reputable antivirus software to scan your system for malware. Several options exist--research and choose one you trust.
Step 2: Follow the software's instructions to remove any detected malware.
Method 6: Run Apple Diagnostics
Apple Diagnostics can help identify potential hardware issues.
For Macs with Apple silicon:
Step 1: Turn on your Mac and continue to press and hold the power button until you see the startup options window.
Step 2: Press Command (⌘)-D to start the diagnostics.
For Intel-based Macs:
Step 1: Turn on your Mac and immediately press and hold the D key until you see a progress bar or are asked to choose a language.
Step 2: Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the diagnostics test.
Step 3: Note any reported error codes and research their meaning or contact Apple Support.