Quick Summary
The error `java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused` in Minecraft indicates that your computer was unable to establish a connection with the Minecraft server you're attempting to join. This usually means the server isn't running or your computer is being prevented from reaching it.
Common Causes
- Server is Offline: The Minecraft server you are trying to connect to is not currently running. This is the most common cause.
- Incorrect Server Address: You have entered the server's address incorrectly. Even a small typo can prevent a connection.
- Firewall Blocking Connection: Your firewall is blocking Minecraft or Java from connecting to the server. Firewalls are designed to protect your computer, but sometimes they can be overzealous.
- Router Issues: Your router may be blocking or interfering with the connection. This can be due to incorrect port forwarding or other router settings.
- Server-Side Issues: The server itself may be experiencing problems unrelated to your configuration. For example, the server might be overloaded or undergoing maintenance.
- Outdated Minecraft Version: Your Minecraft client version is incompatible with the server's version.
Step-by-Step Fixes
Method 1: Verify Server Status and Address Show Steps ↓
Step 1: Contact the server administrator (if it's not you) to confirm the server is online and running.
Step 2: Double-check the server address. Ensure there are no typos and that you are using the correct IP address and port.
Step 3: If the server is hosted on your local machine, try connecting using `localhost` or `127.0.0.1` as the server address.
Method 2: Check Your Firewall Settings Show Steps ↓
Step 1: Open your firewall settings (Windows Firewall or your antivirus's firewall).
Step 2: Ensure that both Java and Minecraft are allowed through the firewall. You may need to add them as exceptions or allowed programs if they are not already listed.
Step 3: Restart Minecraft and try connecting to the server again.
Method 3: Restart Your Router Show Steps ↓
Step 1: Unplug your router from the power outlet.
Step 2: Wait approximately 30 seconds.
Step 3: Plug your router back into the power outlet and wait for it to fully restart. This can take a few minutes.
Step 4: Try connecting to the server again.
Method 4: Update Minecraft Show Steps ↓
Step 1: Open the Minecraft launcher.
Step 2: Ensure you are using the correct version of Minecraft for the server you are trying to join. The launcher usually defaults to "Latest Release", but you might need to select a specific version from the dropdown menu.
Step 3: If an update is available, download and install it.
Step 4: Restart Minecraft after updating and attempt to connect to the server again.
Method 5: Disable Antivirus Temporarily (Use with Caution) Show Steps ↓
Step 1: Temporarily disable your antivirus software. Warning: Only do this if you trust the server you are connecting to, as disabling your antivirus makes your computer vulnerable.
Step 2: Try connecting to the server again.
Step 3: If this resolves the issue, add Minecraft and Java as exceptions in your antivirus settings and re-enable your antivirus.
Method 6: Check Server MOTD for Informational Message Show Steps ↓
Step 1: Ask the server administrator what the current Message of the Day (MOTD) is. The MOTD appears under the server name in the server list.
Step 2: If the MOTD indicates that the server is undergoing maintenance or is not accepting connections, that is likely the reason you're unable to connect.